癌細胞擴散至距離原始腫瘤遙遠的器官及組織。此時癌細胞流竄於全身，必需借助循環全身的化學治療藥物治療。安寧照護將是治療選項之一。
Community indications may come about mainly because of the mass of your tumor or its ulceration. By way of example, mass consequences from lung most cancers can block the bronchus resulting in cough or pneumonia; esophageal cancer can result in narrowing in the esophagus, rendering it tricky or unpleasant to swallow; and colorectal cancer may produce narrowing or blockages within the bowel, impacting bowel behavior. Masses in breasts or testicles may well make observable lumps.
Cancers comprise a large loved ones of disorders that include irregular cell development With all the potential to invade or spread to other elements of the human body.
Those with most cancers have an elevated threat of blood clots within their veins which can be lifetime-threatening.[210] Using blood thinners for instance heparin decrease the risk of blood clots but haven't been demonstrated to extend survival in individuals with most cancers.[210] People who take blood thinners even have a heightened threat of bleeding.[210]
第四步——原位癌，受影响的细胞在生长和外观上变得更加不正常。如果肿瘤尚未 突破组织之间的任何界限，则称为原位癌。这种肿瘤可能会无限期地存在；然而， 一些细胞最终可能获得额外的突变（蓝色）。
姑息治疗的目的不是治愈癌症，而是缓解癌症引起的症状和痛苦，并提高患者及其家人的生活质量。姑息治疗可帮助患者生活得更舒适。在癌症晚期患者比例较高且治愈几率很小的地方，尤其需要这种疗法。
改善乳腺癌控制，减少可避免的乳腺癌死亡，重点关注健康促进、及时诊断和获得医护，以便通过世卫组织全球乳腺癌倡议加快协调的实施工作；
转移灶切除术：在原发灶控制良好的基础上进行，临床常见肝、肺、脑转移灶局部切除手术。
放射治疗即常说的放疗，根据其治疗方式及适应证可分为根治性放疗、姑息性 放疗和联合治疗，具体内容可参考百度百科及百度药典，在此不过多介绍。但需要 注意，放疗并不一定能完全治疗癌症，且在治疗过程中会出现诸多不良反应，如 乏力、恶心、厌食、皮肤痒肿、口咽疼痛、局部毛发脱落、神经损伤、心肺功能 异常（如干咳、气喘等）、胃肠功能紊乱（如恶心、呕吐、体重下降等）等。
Smaller-scale mutations contain place mutations, deletions, and insertions, which can come about within the promoter region of a gene and affect its expression, or could arise while in the gene's coding sequence and alter the perform or stability of its protein products.
An extra mutation may well lead to the loss of a tumor suppressor gene, disrupting the apoptosis signaling pathway and immortalizing the mobile.
癌症的存活率，會因腫瘤長的位置、大小、數目及癌症的分期而有不同，一般來說，只要早期發現，治癒率就越高；根據統計，發現許多癌症零期（原位癌）的病人，五年存活率幾乎接近百分之百，不過存活率會隨著期別愈晚而降低。（延伸閱讀：原位癌是什麼？剖析癌症進化史）
In the United States, most cancers is provided as a secured situation via the Equal Employment Prospect Commission (EEOC), primarily due to probable for cancer acquiring discriminating consequences on workers.[253] Discrimination inside the place of work could occur if an employer holds a false perception that a person with most cancers is not capable of undertaking 癌症 a career properly, and may request for more sick go away than other staff.
有些恶性肿瘤，并不被称为癌或肉瘤，而是以“恶性……瘤”的名词出现，如恶性黑色素瘤。